"Sangdal Gosa" refers to a shamanistic ritual performed in the tenth month of the lunar calendar, or "Siwol Sangdal." The old e-x-p-r-e-s-s-i-o-n referred to the ideal month for offering fresh grain to the local deities. Customarily a day of good fortune (吉日), such as a day of the Horse (午日) or Pig (亥日), was chosen out of the tenth month, and offerings were made to all the guardian deities of the family, such as "Jowang," "Seongju" or "Teoju." Housewives usually took charge of the ritual, but sometimes shamans were invited to perform an exorcism. This "Gosa," or shamanistic ritual, is known by various names, such as "Gaeul Gosa," "Seongjuje," "Seongjugut," "Seongjubajigut," "Antaek," "Antaekgut," or "Jisinje" (地神祭), depending on the region.

서산의 상달고사

Sangdal Gosa in Seosan City, Chungcheongnam-do
Jowang Gosa	Teoju Gosa	Seongju Gosa

When performing "Sangdal Gosa," or the October ritual, families in farming villages would use grains offered to the gods, such as "Josang Danji," "Seongju Danji" or "Seongju Danji," grind it and mix it with fresh grain. Furthermore, when steamed rice and rice cakes were cooked with grains from the previous year, only family members could eat them. This was because those grains were believed to contain good fortune and thus had to be jealously guarded within the family, for if they were eaten by people with bad energy, it would be bad for the family.

성주고사, 성주, 성주단지

Seongju Gosa	Seongju	Seongju Danji

"Sangdal Gosa" appears to be a folk custom that originated from harvest ceremonies (祭天儀禮) in ancient Korean society. As with the "Dongmaeong" (東盟) ceremony of the Goguryeo dynasty, the "Mucheon" (舞天) ceremony of the Ye (濊) tribe, or the "Nonggong" (農功) ceremony of the Mahan (馬韓) Confederacy, such harvest ceremonies were performed during the tenth month of the lunar calendar; therefore, it is estimated that the origin of the October ritual is related in some way with an ancient harvest ceremony. In the same context, even today the "Gaecheonje" (開天祭) and "Seji" (時祭) ceremonies are performed in October.

"Sangdal Gosa" refers to a shamanistic ritual performed in the tenth month of the lunar calendar, or "Siwol Sangdal." The old e-x-p-r-e-s-s-i-o-n referred to the ideal month for offering fresh grain to the local deities. Customarily a day of good fortune (吉日), such as a day of the Horse (午日) or Pig (亥日), was chosen out of the tenth month, and offerings were made to all the guardian deities of the family, such as "Jowang," "Seongju" or "Teoju." Housewives usually took charge of the ritual, but sometimes shamans were invited to perform an exorcism. This "Gosa," or shamanistic ritual, is known by various names, such as "Gaeul Gosa," "Seongjuje," "Seongjugut," "Seongjubajigut," "Antaek," "Antaekgut," or "Jisinje" (地神祭), depending on the region.

서산의 상달고사

Sangdal Gosa in Seosan City, Chungcheongnam-do
Jowang Gosa	Teoju Gosa	Seongju Gosa

When performing "Sangdal Gosa," or the October ritual, families in farming villages would use grains offered to the gods, such as "Josang Danji," "Seongju Danji" or "Seongju Danji," grind it and mix it with fresh grain. Furthermore, when steamed rice and rice cakes were cooked with grains from the previous year, only family members could eat them. This was because those grains were believed to contain good fortune and thus had to be jealously guarded within the family, for if they were eaten by people with bad energy, it would be bad for the family.

성주고사, 성주, 성주단지

Seongju Gosa	Seongju	Seongju Danji

"Sangdal Gosa" appears to be a folk custom that originated from harvest ceremonies (祭天儀禮) in ancient Korean society. As with the "Dongmaeong" (東盟) ceremony of the Goguryeo dynasty, the "Mucheon" (舞天) ceremony of the Ye (濊) tribe, or the "Nonggong" (農功) ceremony of the Mahan (馬韓) Confederacy, such harvest ceremonies were performed during the tenth month of the lunar calendar; therefore, it is estimated that the origin of the October ritual is related in some way with an ancient harvest ceremony. In the same context, even today the "Gaecheonje" (開天祭) and "Seji" (時祭) ceremonies are performed in October.